Critical Analysis of Gender Performativity in Mrs Dalloway by Virginia Woolf

Mrs.Dalloway, written by Virginia Woolf, this paper critically examines the complex representations of gender identity in Virginia Woolf's Mrs. Dalloway through the lens of Judith Butler's theories on gender performativity. Woolf’s portrayal of her characters, particularly the protagonist of the novel Clarissa Dalloway and Septimus, by applying Butler’s theory of performative acts, this research explores how Woolf’s characters direct and resist the prescribed gender roles that are accepted by society.

In Mrs. Dalloway, Woolf presents gender identity as not something that is an inherent or fixed trait, but as a series of acts and behaviours influenced by social expectations and individual psychology. She argues that gender is something that is being practised. It is an act of Repetition. Woolf critiques the traditional roles assigned to women, such as wife and mother, by presenting a protagonist who both conforms to and internally questions these norms. Clarissa’s memories of Sally bring out the conflict between what Clarissa personally wants and what society expects from her.

Woolf’s portrayal of Septimus highlights how harmful gender expectations can be. This paper argues that Woolf shows gender in Mrs. Dalloway's performance, challenging the strict gender roles of her time. Using Judith Butler’s ideas, the analysis highlights Woolf’s role in early feminist thought, showing how the novel remains important for understanding gender and identity in society today.

Keywords: Gender Identity, Performativity, feminist, Virginia Woolf