Feminist and Contemporary Depictions of Gender-Based Violence in Indian Media: A Content Analysis

The portrayal of gender-based violence in Indian media, especially within Bollywood cinema, has undergone significant transformation over the past few decades. This shift reflects broader social, cultural, and feminist discourses that critique traditional narratives and call for nuanced representation. However, media remains an impressionable medium capable of shaping attitudes, beliefs, and perceptions in its audiences. This content analysis, which involves a systematic examination of the content of specific Bollywood films, including Parched, Thappad, Darlings, Animal and Kabir Singh, focuses on how the depiction of violence—particularly against women—has evolved and explores the potential psychological implications of these portrayals. By analyzing narratives, character arcs, and the framing of violent acts, this study aims to uncover patterns in how contemporary Indian cinema navigates themes of victimhood, empowerment, and accountability. While some films strive to present violence as a critique of patriarchal structures, others may inadvertently glamorize or normalize harmful behaviors. This dualistic representation has psychological implications, as the emotional and moral framing of these stories subconsciously influences audiences. Findings from this research will contribute to discussions on responsible media representation, highlighting the need for a balanced portrayal that raises awareness without reinforcing harmful stereotypes. By focusing on an Indian perspective, this study addresses a critical gap in media research and aims to promote a more socially responsible approach to depicting violence in Bollywood.

Keywords: gender, violence, Bollywood cinema, patriarchy, media