Keywords:

The horrific rape and murder of a female doctor at R.G. Kar Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, shocked the nation and questioned the safety and security of women and girls in workplaces. This tragic incident, along with the revelations from the Hema Commission Report 2024, underscores the pervasive issue of Gender-Based Violence (GBV) and harassment at workplaces. Despite the Sexual Harassment of Women in the Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition, and Redressal) Act, 2013 (hereinafter POSH Act 2013), such a case highlights the urgent need for comprehensive policy interventions. This paper delves into the institutional failures that hinder the effective implementation of protective legal measures. It aims to contribute to creating inclusive and safe work environments, ultimately promoting gender equality and social justice. This paper uses a qualitative research method based on secondary data sources. This work critically discusses the institutional failures, examining the shortcomings in implementing the POSH Act, institutional responses, and insights into the Hema Commission Report, specifically focusing on the R.G. Kar Hospital case. It also explores the intersectionality aspects, including cultural and societal barriers to reporting GBV and harassment cases. The legal and policy framework analysis evaluates the effectiveness of the POSH Act and compares it with international standards. The discussion synthesizes insights from the angle of feminist deliberations, highlighting common patterns of harassment and effectiveness of institutional responses. The findings underscore the necessity for robust policy interventions that foster a culture of zero tolerance towards GBV violence and harassment. The paper concludes with policy recommendations to address gaps and enhance workplace safety and security in India.

Keywords: Institutional failures, Gender-Based Violence, women, harassment, and workplaces